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On the Coins of Ancient Rome
The Earliest Ancient Roman Coins
The earliest of the ancient Roman coins didn't really look like coins; they were heavy cast lumps or bars of bronze. This was around 300 BC., when Rome was still a rather insignificant state among others in the area. The reason bronze was used is simple: at the time, Rome had no access to any silver mines, while sources of copper were readily available.
These early bronze "coins" were not even coins in a strict sense, since their weight varied wildly and didn't conform to any standard. Soon, however, Rome began to produce round bronze coins of standardized weight; these were also cast rather than struck, and of somewhat coarse appearance.
 | Early Roman cast bronze coin; As from 240-225 BC. diam. 63 mm. |
Around 270 BC., some silver coins began to appear. These seem to have been crafted by Greek artists working for the Romans and are aptly called "Greek-style" coins. The sophisticated style of these coins is very different from the stark, heavy, cast ancient Roman bronze coins from the same period.
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